Babylonian Journal of Internet of Things

System design and implementation of an IoT electronic pulse sphygmomanometer

Yitong Niu — 2024-01-10

A sphygmomanometer is a standard testing tool for monitoring blood pressure and plays a vital role in modern medical diagnosis. Traditional smart electronic sphygmomanometers are complex and costly; this paper designs a low-cost electronic pulse sphygmomanometer through microcontroller control. This design collects the gas pressure information through the barometric pressure sensor and inputs it into the analog-to-digital converter. It converts the collected analog signal into a digital signal and then completes the determination of blood pressure and pulse through the recognition algorithm. Finally, this design is found to have the advantages oa f wide range of applicationslightweightht, low price, etc., and has important application value.

A Real-Time Intrusion Detection System for DoS/DDoS Attack Classification in IoT Networks Using KNN-Neural Network Hybrid Technique

Aisha Ibrahim Gide — 2024-07-05

As more devices are connected to the Internet through the Internet of Things (IoT), there are huge security challenges. One of the major problems is Distributed Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. These attacks floods networks with useless traffic, disrupting IoT services. There is a need for better security measures to handle this. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) is used to find suspicious activities, but many of them can't keep up with new types of attacks in real time. This study focuses on creating an efficient real time hybrid framework that uses the Kth Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm and dense neural networks. This proposed framework aims to identify and categorize DoS/DDoS attacks in real time through the utilization of a simulation model and MQTT-IoT-IDS2020 dataset and compared with existing frameworks, our proposed framework excels in accuracy, precision, and recall.

System Development and Assessment For Road Vehicles Speed Detection Using GSM

M.Sahaya Sheela — 2024-06-15

In metro cities, cars are not allowed to exceed the displayed speed limit. However, many drivers still choose to speed, which is a major contributing factor to accidents. To address this issue, an easy-to-use road speed check system has been implemented to automatically detect traffic crashes in smart cities. This system uses a photovoltaic (PV) input power supply source, which captures the light emitted by the sun on solar panels and converts it into energy. In addition, the system utilizes an IR sensor to measure the speed of vehicles by detecting their distance and time. The infrared sensor detects a car in front of it, allowing for the calculation of time. A proximity sensor is also used to detect the speed of vehicles, regardless of their material configuration. The ESP8266 interface camera is used to capture live images in traffic, which are then transmitted to a specific IP address. Furthermore, the GSM Communication Device allows for the transmission of vehicle speed information through digital cellular communications, such as GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). The output of this system accurately reflects real-world traffic data and has been tested through a comparison examination of individual speed measurements

Role of Food and Drugs Authority Act, 1992 (PNDCL 305B) and Legislative Instrument (LI) in Regulating Artificial Intelligence Based Medical Devices, Apps, and Systems to Prevent Negligence

George Benneh Mensah — 2024-03-27

Objective: This analysis evaluates whether Ghana’s Food and Drugs Authority Act provides adequate statutory basis and policy tools for the medical regulatory authority to evaluate risks and oversee artificial intelligence (AI) based software devices, given complexities of AI technology.

Methods: Case examples of medical AI systems and international regulatory issues establish current challenges for regulators. Specific sections of the Act are analysed regarding definitions, requirements for safety and efficacy evidence, guidelines for changes to approved devices, and post-market powers.

Results and Conclusions: Current law does not provide explicit provisions to require transparency into AI systems’ decision-making or continuous monitoring of real-world performance. However added clauses on privacy and cybersecurity demonstrate a policy precedent for regulating complex technologies.

Recommendations: Updates should enable differentiated evaluation approach based on risk-tiers. Powers for inspecting algorithmic logic require expansion to address AI opacity.

Novelty and Significance: This represents the first analysis situating medical AI governance within Ghanaian statutes. Stress-testing decades old policy structures against emerging technology risks is both scientifically novel and significant for public health oversight.

A Brief Review of Big Data in Healthcare: Challenges and Issues, Recent Developments, and Future Directions

Ahmed Adil Nafea — 2024-02-26

Big data is improving the healthcare industry and creating opportunities for improved patient care, personalized medicine, and advanced research. This brief review article aims to survey the challenges and issues connected with big data in healthcare, discuss recent developments in the field, and highlight future directions for helping big data to enhance healthcare outcomes by understanding these aspects, participants can make informed decisions and contribute to the advancement of big data analytics in healthcare.

Analyzing and Comparing Global Sustainability Standards: LEED, BREEAM, and PBRS in Green Building arch article topic

Noah Mohammed Saleh — 2024-07-07

Since the year 2000, a heightened environmental awareness has led to the emergence of global trends in forefront countries, prompting the need for standardized practices in the environmental building industry. This paper explores various experiments on buildings, demonstrating trends through examinations and tests conducted by governmental or private organizations. Notable among these trends are the standards set by global evaluation systems such as BREEAM, LEED, PBRS, and SSBS. The paper highlights the recent adoptaion of Arab standards in Abu Dhabi, positioning the emirate as a pioneer in sustainable development. The research focuses on the city of Kirkuk, where building regulations lack consideration for environmental standards. The study aims to identify applicable international standards, emphasizing the importance of residential standards in comparison to other criteria. The World Green Building Council's universal standards for existing buildings are discussed, with the recognition that these standards may need customization to align with the local environment and architectural characteristics of Kirkuk. The paper delves into the methodology used, employing a theoretical framework, analytical methodology, and a deductive approach to formulate recommendations tailored to meet local standards. The Abu Dhabi experience with the Pearl Rating System is explored, outlining its three evaluation stages and the specific criteria for building assessment. A comparison between sustainability standards reveals disparities in evaluation criteria, emphasizing the challenge in establishing global standards. The study calls for a transparent and globally applicable evaluation basis, considering discrepancies among diverse countries and their respective tools. The paper concludes by underlining the importance of establishing local standards, serving as a benchmark for quality and operational efficiency within the real estate market. It also emphasizes the crucial role of existing residential buildings in proposed solutions for sustainable development, highlighting their significance in local markets.

Intelligent Watering by Using Solar Energy System

Yaareb E. Ahmed — 2024-07-02

In this study, Kirkuk and its surrounding areas are evaluated to determine whether solar energy can be utilized for irrigation. PV panels create their own power (300 W). A meter is used to measure the depth of a well (h) (60, 70, and 80 m). Graphics demonstrating the link between solar radiation, angle of solar radiation, and sun brightness in each month were generated using data from Iraq's Meteorological Organization and Seismology. Graphs depicted the volume flow rate at each depth. A study found that using PV panels to generate power increased volume flow rate, in addition to being more efficient throughout the day and in the summer (summer season). The depth of the well and the rate of flow are inversely proportional to one another. Because the flow rate of the system is suitable for most crops grown in the agricultural area of the city, solar energy generated by a photovoltaic (PV) panel may be used for irrigation in Kirkuk.

Empowering Aquarists a Comprehensive Study On IOT-Enabled Smart Aquarium Systems For Remote Monitoring And Control

M.Sahaya Sheela — 2024-06-11

owadays, a lot of people keep fish as pets at home and the aquarium keeper has been feeding the fish in the tanks, therefore appropriate setup and upkeep are required. Taking care of the aquarium appears to be somewhat tough for aquarists. The fish's quality of life depends on the aquarium being kept up properly. Changes in water quality, fish feeding, temperature management, light control, and the challenge of physically inspecting aquarium conditions are these problems are experienced.. As such, it is important to monitor the physical characteristics regularly and to improve the quality of the water. It has water quality management, which levels the aquarium to the perfect conditions by keeping an eye on the physical variations in the tank. Thus, the system that this model suggests is capable of real-time operation and is fitted with sensors. It carries out turbidity system, water renewal, temperature monitoring, and pH level detection in water and all these things are carried out in the ESP32 controller which contains an inbuit WiFi module. For large-scale aquaculture, an embedded system with a wireless network technology and a water quality testing unit was proposed. The aquarium's state is tracked and sent to the user's mobile application via Thingspeak IoT platfrom.

Impact of IoT-Based Environmental Monitoring on Lab Safety and Sustainability

Nadia Mahmoud Hussein — 2024-03-01

Several internal and external dangers might threaten a laboratory, the institution, and the public if not addressed properly. These hazards are addressed by our extensive laboratory monitoring system. This device detects elevated temperatures, gas leaks, fires, and solution pH. Elements of this system include an Esp32 microcontroller, LCD, Arduino Uno, mq2 gas sensor, DS18B20 temperature sensor, flame sensor, relay, water pump, and pH sensor for acidity measurement. The Arduino IDE controls sensors. Once the temperature reaches 50 degrees Celsius, an alarm, red LED, and mobile phone notification activate. Gas leaks activate a green LED, an alarm, and a message. Flame sensors notify and start water pumps when fires occur. Gas leaks and fires activate a buzzer. The IoT offers essential incident reporting and remote laboratory monitoring. The code is written in Arduino C++.