Enhanced Parameter Estimation for the Modified Gompertz-Makeham Model in Nonhomogeneous Poisson Processes Using Modified Likelihood and Swarm Intelligence Approaches (A. S. . Hussain, A. F. . Jameel, E. A. Az-Zo’Bi, & M. A. . Tashtoush , Trans.). (2025). Babylonian Journal of Mathematics, 2025, 32-43. https://doi.org/10.58496/BJM/2025/005