Editorial Note:
The Mesopotamian Journal of CyberSecurity (MJCS) is committed to publication ethics, transparency, and research integrity.
This issue compiles a set of Expressions of Concern issued in relation to previously published articles that are currently under formal editorial investigation. These notices are published to inform readers while investigations are ongoing and to maintain transparency in the scholarly record.
An Expression of Concern does not constitute a final determination. Following the conclusion of each investigation, MJCS will take appropriate editorial action as warranted, which may include a correction, retraction, or withdrawal of the notice, and the article record will be updated accordingly.
The Editorial Team, MJCS
Published: 2026-02-26